Uploading file with the help of Robot class in Selenium Automation

While implementing automation, we always come across with a situation where our code need to upload a file using our selenium code.

As we know Selenium is a Web Automation tool and which don't support windows automation. In order to upload a files, we have to perform some Windows based operations.

There are different ways to achieve this. One of the way is to take the support of Robot and StringSelection class.

Below simple code will help to perform file upload as part of Selenium Automation:

import java.awt.AWTException;
import java.awt.Robot;
import java.awt.Toolkit;
import java.awt.datatransfer.StringSelection;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

public class FileUpload {

public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException, AWTException {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
driver.manage().window().maximize();
driver.get("https://html.com/input-type-file/");

                // Absolute path of the file need to uploaded
String fileLocation = "C:\\Users\\testData.xlsx";

                // the code which helps us to perform Copy and Paste options from Clipboard
StringSelection stringSelection = new StringSelection(fileLocation);

Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getSystemClipboard().setContents(stringSelection, null);
                driver.findElement(By.id("fileupload")).click();
// CTRL+V and ENTER keys are the keyboard events to achieve the Keyboard operations
Robot robot = new Robot();
robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);
robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_V);
robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_V);
robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);
robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);

Thread.sleep(5000);
driver.quit();
}
}

Reading an element contnet without using XPath by WebDriver

Purpose: Reading an element contnet without using XPath by WebDriver

Some times we can access an element with class only but the class contans compound values but className will not accept compound values.

In order to handle these situatuions we need to write differently. Following code will help you to handle it.

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
public class Webelements {
 static WebDriver driver;
 // Browser startup
 @BeforeClass
 public void setup() {
 
  driver = new FirefoxDriver();
 }
 // Functionality of Test Case
 @Test
 public void testGoogle() throws InterruptedException, IOException {
 
  driver.get("http://quirksmode.org/css/selectors/multipleclasses.html");
//  System.out.println(driver.findElement(By.className("underline small")).getText());
  System.out.println(driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("p[class='underline small']")).getText());
 
  Thread.sleep(3000);
 }
 @AfterClass
 public void tear() {
  driver.close();
 }
} 

Expanding Tree Structure using Selenium Web Driver

Purpose: Expanding Tree Structure using Selenium Web Driver

Following code will help how to expand tree structure with the help of Selenium WebDriver. Every Tree Structure have its own levels. Following code will help to go 2 level expansion.

import java.util.List;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
public class TreeStructure {
 public String baseURL = "http://www.javascripttoolbox.com/lib/mktree/";

 public WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
 @BeforeMethod
 public void setup()
 {
  driver.get(baseURL);
 }

 @AfterMethod
 public void tear()
 {
  driver.quit();
 }

 @Test
 public void testTreeStructure() throws InterruptedException
 {
  driver.findElement(By.xpath("html/body/table/tbody/tr[2]/td[1]/div[2]/div[2]/p[6]/a[2]")).click();
  Thread.sleep(3000);
  List<WebElement> roots = driver.findElements(By.xpath(".//*[@id='tree1']/li"));
  int rootSize = 1;
  for(WebElement root: roots)
  {
   String openRoot = root.getAttribute("class");
   if(openRoot.equalsIgnoreCase("liClosed"))
   {
    String xpath = ".//*[@id='tree1']/li["+rootSize+"]/span";
    openTree(xpath);
    List<WebElement> childRoots = driver.findElements(By.xpath(".//*[@id='tree1']/li["+rootSize+"]/ul/li"));
    int subRootSize = 1;
    for(WebElement childRoot: childRoots)
    {
     String openSubRoot = childRoot.getAttribute("class");
     if(openSubRoot.equalsIgnoreCase("liClosed"))
     {
      String path = ".//*[@id='tree1']/li["+rootSize+"]/ul/li["+subRootSize+"]/span";
      openTree(path);
     }
     subRootSize = subRootSize+1;
    }
   }
   rootSize = rootSize+1;
  }
 }

 public void openTree(String xpath) throws InterruptedException
 {
  driver.findElement(By.xpath(xpath)).click();
  Thread.sleep(3000);
 }
}

Handling different Javascript prompts using Selenium WebDriver

Purpose: Handling different Javascript prompts using Selenium WebDriver

We always come across different javascript prompts while accessing different websites. Follwoing code will help to handle while automating those functionalities.

This requires one web page which contains different ways to generate Javascript prompts. Following code for Web page

jscriptpopup.html

<html>
<head>
<script type="text/javascript">
function show_alert()
{
alert("This is a JavaScript Alert Box!")
document.getElementById("result").innerHTML="Alert Prompted";
}
function show_confirm()
{
 var r=confirm("Press a button");
 if (r==true)
   {
   x="Pressed OK Button!";
   document.getElementById("result").innerHTML=x;
   }
 else
   {
   x="Pressed Cancel Button!";
   document.getElementById("result").innerHTML=x;
   }
}
function show_prompt()
{
 var v = prompt("Enter Value");
 if(v!=null)
  document.getElementById("result").innerHTML="Entered Value is "+v;
  else
 document.getElementById("result").innerHTML="Pressed Cancel button";
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<input type="button" onclick="show_alert()" value="Show Alert Box" />
<input type="button" onclick="show_confirm()" value="Show Confrim Box" />
<input type="button" onclick="show_prompt()" value="Show Prompt Box" />
<div id="result"></div>
</body>
</html>

Please save the above code and provide the location of the file in WebDriver code

Webdriver Code:

 import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.Alert;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
public class JscriptPop {

 public String baseURL = "file:///D:/Raju/Projects/Automation/Sample/jscriptpopup.html"; // Location of the source file
 public Alert alert;
 public static WebDriver driver=new FirefoxDriver();

 @BeforeMethod
 public void setup()
 {
  driver.get(baseURL);
 }

 @AfterMethod
 public void tear()
 {
  driver.quit();
 }

 @Test
 public void testJscriptPop() throws InterruptedException
 {
  // Clicking Alert Box
  driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@value='Show Alert Box']")).click();
  Thread.sleep(3000);
  alert = driver.switchTo().alert();
  Thread.sleep(3000);
  // To click ok
  alert.accept();
  Thread.sleep(3000);

  // Clicking Confirm Box
  driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@value='Show Confrim Box']")).click();
  Thread.sleep(3000);
  alert = driver.switchTo().alert();
  Thread.sleep(3000);
  // To click OK
  alert.accept();
  Thread.sleep(3000);

  // Clicking Confirm Box
  driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@value='Show Confrim Box']")).click();
  Thread.sleep(3000);
  alert = driver.switchTo().alert();
  Thread.sleep(3000);
  // To click Cancel
  alert.dismiss();
  Thread.sleep(3000);

  // Clicking Confirm Box Prompt Button
  driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@value='Show Prompt Box']")).click();
  Thread.sleep(3000);
  alert = driver.switchTo().alert();
  alert.sendKeys("Test value");
  Thread.sleep(3000);
  // To click OK
  alert.accept();
  Thread.sleep(3000);

  // Clicking Confirm Box Prompt Button
  driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@value='Show Prompt Box']")).click();
  Thread.sleep(3000);
  alert = driver.switchTo().alert();
  Thread.sleep(3000);
  // To click Cancel
  alert.dismiss();
  Thread.sleep(3000);
 }
}

Capturing contents of a Table using Selenium Web Driver

Purpose: Capturing contents of a Table using Selenium Web Driver

Some times we may need to capture each and every value from a table while automating. Following example will help to implement the requirement.

This example also will help us to capture nth Row & Column value.

import java.util.List;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class TableExample {
  public String baseURL = "http://accessibility.psu.edu/tablecomplexhtml";
  public WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
 
  @BeforeMethod
  public void setup()
  {
   driver.get(baseURL);
  }
 
  @AfterMethod
  public void tear()
  {
   driver.quit();
  }
 
  @Test
  public void testTableExample()
  {
   List<WebElement> rows = driver.findElements(By.xpath(".//*[@id='node-281']/div/div[1]/div[2]/table/tbody/tr")); // Returns the number of Rows
   List<WebElement> cols = driver.findElements(By.xpath(".//*[@id='node-281']/div/div[1]/div[2]/table/tbody/tr[1]/td")); // Returns the number of Columns
  
   // Static XPath of a single TR and TD is ".//*[@id='node-281']/div/div[1]/div[2]/table/tbody/tr[1]/td[1]"
  
   // code to fetch each and every value of a Table
  
   for(int rowNumber = 1; rowNumber <= rows.size(); rowNumber++)
   {
    for(int colNumber = 1; colNumber <= cols.size(); colNumber++)
    {
     System.out.print(driver.findElement(By.xpath(".//*[@id='node-281']/div/div[1]/div[2]/table/tbody/tr["+rowNumber+"]/td["+colNumber+"]")).getText()+"  ");
    }
    System.out.println("\n");
   }
  
   System.out.println("###############################################################################\n");

  // nth element value of a table
  
   System.out.println(driver.findElement(By.xpath(".//*[@id='node-281']/div/div[1]/div[2]/table/tbody/tr["+rows.size()+"]/td["+cols.size()+"]")).getText());
  
  }
}

Performing Mouse Double Click using Selenium Web Driver

Perpose: Performing Mouse Double Click using Selenium Web Driver

Some web applications may need to perform double click to fire the action. Following code will help how to implement Mouse Double Click using Selenium.

In the following example, page contans a div and if we perform single click noting is going to happen but when we perform double click Map will be zoomed.


import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Action;
import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterTest;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
public class DoubleClick {
 public String baseURL = "http://openlayers.org/dev/examples/click.html";
 public WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
 public WebElement element;
 public String title;
 public Actions action = new Actions(driver);
 @BeforeTest
 public void launchBrowser()
 {
  driver.get(baseURL);
 }

 @AfterTest
 public void closeBrowser()
 {
  driver.quit();
 }

 @Test
 public void doubleClick() throws InterruptedException
 {
  element = driver.findElement(By.xpath(".//*[@id='OpenLayers_Map_2_OpenLayers_ViewPort']"));
  element.click();// For single click Map will not load
  System.out.println("Single Click performed");
  Thread.sleep(3000);
  Action doubleClick = action.doubleClick(element).build();
  doubleClick.perform();// After performing double click Map will load
  System.out.println("Double Click performed");
  Thread.sleep(10000);
  doubleClick.perform();// After performing double click Map will load
  System.out.println("Double Click performed");
  Thread.sleep(10000);
 }
}

Capturing the Sub Menu values using Selenium Web Driver

Purpose: Capturing the Sub Menu values using Selenium Web Driver

Some times we may need to validate the valus of Sub-menus. If static it is easy to implement but some times we may need to validate the dynamic data.

Following code will help to accomplish this:

import java.util.List;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterTest;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class DropDownCSSMenu {
 public String baseURL = "http://demo.lateralcode.com/css-drop-down-menus/";
 public WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
 public Actions action = new Actions(driver);
 public List<WebElement> elements;
 public int size;

 @BeforeTest
 public void launchBrowser()
 {
  driver.get(baseURL);
 }

 @AfterTest
 public void closeBrowser()
 {
  driver.quit();
 }

 @Test
 public void test() throws InterruptedException
 {
  WebElement home = driver.findElement(By.linkText("Home"));
  WebElement about = driver.findElement(By.linkText("About"));
  WebElement contact = driver.findElement(By.linkText("Contact"));
 
  action.moveToElement(home).build().perform();//MouseOver of Menu
  driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id='menu']/ul/li[1]/ul/li[1]/a")).click(); //Clicking Sub Menu
  Thread.sleep(3000);
  elements = driver.findElements(By.xpath(".//*[@id='menu']/ul/li[1]/ul/li/a"));
  for (WebElement element : elements) {
   System.out.println(element.getText());
  }
 
  action.moveToElement(about).build().perform();//MouseOver of Menu
  driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id='menu']/ul/li[2]/ul/li[1]/a")).click(); //Clicking Sub Menu
  Thread.sleep(3000);
  elements = driver.findElements(By.xpath(".//*[@id='menu']/ul/li[2]/ul/li/a"));
  for (WebElement element : elements) {
   System.out.println(element.getText());
  }
 
  action.moveToElement(contact).build().perform();//MouseOver of Menu
  driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id='menu']/ul/li[3]/ul/li[1]/a")).click(); //Clicking Sub Menu
  Thread.sleep(3000);
  elements = driver.findElements(By.xpath(".//*[@id='menu']/ul/li[3]/ul/li/a"));
  for (WebElement element : elements) {
   System.out.println(element.getText());
  }
 }
}

Clicking on CSS Drop Down sub Menu using Selenium WebDriver

Purpose: Clicking on CSS Drop Down sub Menu using Selenium WebDriver

Some times we encounter to test different types of Web Sites which have some dynamic features and automating such features are little bit difficult. One of such example is CSS Drop Down Menus & Sub-menus.

Following code will help to handle CSS Drop Down Menus & Sub-menus:

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterTest;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class DropDownCSSMenu {
 public String baseURL = "http://demo.lateralcode.com/css-drop-down-menus/";
 public WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
 public Actions action = new Actions(driver);

 @BeforeTest
 public void launchBrowser()
 {
  driver.get(baseURL);
 }

 @AfterTest
 public void closeBrowser()
 {
  driver.quit();
 }

 @Test
 public void test() throws InterruptedException
 {
  WebElement home = driver.findElement(By.linkText("Home"));
  WebElement about = driver.findElement(By.linkText("About"));
  WebElement contact = driver.findElement(By.linkText("Contact"));
 
  action.moveToElement(home).build().perform();//MouseOver of Menu
  driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id='menu']/ul/li[1]/ul/li[1]/a")).click(); //Clicking Sub Menu
  Thread.sleep(3000);
 
  action.moveToElement(about).build().perform();//MouseOver of Menu
  driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id='menu']/ul/li[2]/ul/li[1]/a")).click(); //Clicking Sub Menu
  Thread.sleep(3000);
 
  action.moveToElement(contact).build().perform();//MouseOver of Menu
  driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id='menu']/ul/li[3]/ul/li[1]/a")).click(); //Clicking Sub Menu
  Thread.sleep(3000);
 }
}

Executing Sequence of Selenium Test Cases in a Cusomized Sequence

Purpose: Executing Sequence of Selenium WebDriver Test Cases in a Cusomized Sequence

While automating any application we come across a situation where we need to execute multiple test cases in a particular sequence. But when it comes to execute the test cases they will execute randomly. In order to execute the test cases in our pre requisite order we need to pass a parameter to @Test method priority and a value(Lower priorities will be scheduled first).

Following code will be useful to accomplish the requirement:
 

 import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterTest;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class OrderOfTestCase {

 public String baseURL = "http://www.google.com";
 public WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();

 @BeforeTest
 public void launchBrowser()
 {
  driver.get(baseURL);
 }

 @AfterTest
 public void closeBrowser()
 {
  driver.quit();
 }

 @BeforeMethod
 public void getTitle()
 {
  System.out.println(driver.getTitle());
 }
 @AfterMethod
 public void goToPreviousPage()
 {
  driver.navigate().back();
 }

 @Test(priority = 0)
 public void images() throws InterruptedException
 {
  driver.findElement(By.linkText("Images")).click();
  Thread.sleep(3000);
  System.out.println(driver.getTitle());
 }

 @Test(priority = 1)
 public void maps() throws InterruptedException
 {
  driver.findElement(By.linkText("Maps")).click();
  Thread.sleep(3000);
  System.out.println(driver.getTitle());
 }

 @Test(priority = 2)
 public void mail() throws InterruptedException
 {
  driver.findElement(By.linkText("Gmail")).click();
  Thread.sleep(3000);
  System.out.println(driver.getTitle());
 }

}

How to add text to a word file using Java

Purpose: How to add text to a word file using Java


Following code will help you to Add text to a Word file programatically.

import java.io.*;
import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.exceptions.InvalidFormatException;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFDocument;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFParagraph;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFRun;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
public class AddToWord
{
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InvalidFormatException
    {
        XWPFDocument document = new XWPFDocument();
        XWPFParagraph paragraph = document.createParagraph();
        XWPFRun run = paragraph.createRun();
        run.setText("Sample Text to add a word file programatically");
        run.setFontSize(33);
        FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("Success.doc");
        document.write(out);
        out.close();
    }
}

Generating previous day's Date using Java

Purpose: Generating previous day's Date using Java


Some times we may need to use date in different situations in different applications dynamically. That is very simple and we can use the methods of Date/Calender class. But some times we may need to capture previous day's date.

Following code will be useful to capture previous day's date.

import java.text.DateFormat;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.GregorianCalendar;

public class PreviousDate {
 public static void main(String[] args)
 {
//     Selecting Previous Date --- Start
    
     DateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("dd/mm/yyyy");
     Date date = new Date();
     Calendar cal = new GregorianCalendar();
     cal.setTime(date);
     cal.add(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR,-1);
     Date oneDayBefore= cal.getTime();
     System.out.println();
     System.out.println("Previous Day's Date in dd/mm/yyyy format: "+dateFormat.format(oneDayBefore).toString());
//     Selecting Previous Date --- End
 }
}
 

Capturing an Element Screenshot using Selenium Webdriver

Purpose: Capturing an Element Screenshot using Selenium Webdriver

Following Code will help to capture a particular element form a Webpage.

import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.OutputType;
import org.openqa.selenium.Point;
import org.openqa.selenium.TakesScreenshot;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
public class CaptureElement {
 static WebDriver driver;
 // Browser startup
 @BeforeClass
 public void setup() {
  driver = new FirefoxDriver();
 }

 @Test
 public void gomezTest() throws InterruptedException, IOException {
  // Capturing Required Element Screen shot
  driver.get("http://www.google.com");
  WebElement ele = driver.findElement(By.id("hplogo"));  
  try
  {
  File screenshot = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);
  BufferedImage  fullImg = ImageIO.read(screenshot);
  //Get the location of element on the page
  Point point = ele.getLocation();
  //Get width and height of the element
  int eleWidth = ele.getSize().getWidth();
  int eleHeight = ele.getSize().getHeight();
  //Crop the entire page screenshot to get only element screenshot
  BufferedImage eleScreenshot= fullImg.getSubimage(point.getX(), point.getY(), eleWidth, eleHeight);
  ImageIO.write(eleScreenshot, "png", screenshot);
  //Copy the element screenshot to disk
  FileUtils.copyFile(screenshot, new File("GoogleLogo_screenshot.png"));
  }
  catch(Exception e)
  {
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
 }
 @AfterClass
 public void tear() {
  driver.close();
 }
} 

Capturing Entire Page Screenshot using Selenium Webdriver

Purpose: Capturing Entire Page Screenshot using Selenium Webdriver

Following code will help to take the screenshot entire page of any webpage.

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import org.openqa.selenium.OutputType;
import org.openqa.selenium.TakesScreenshot;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
public class TakeScreenshot {
 static WebDriver driver;
 // Browser startup
 @BeforeClass
 public void setup() {
  driver = new FirefoxDriver();
 }
 @Test
 public void gomezTest() throws InterruptedException, IOException {
  // Capturing Screen shot
  driver.get("http://www.google.com");
  //Get entire page screenshot
  try
  {
   File screenshotFile = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);

  //Copy the element screenshot to disk
  FileUtils.copyFile(screenshotFile, new File("\\GoogleLogo_screenshot.png"));
  }
  catch(Exception e)
  {
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
 }
 @AfterClass
 public void tear() {
  driver.close();
 }
}
 

Automation Testing for Android Mobile Web Applications & Steps to setup environment

Purpose: Automation Testing for Android Mobile Web Applications & Steps to setup environment
Introduction:

Android WebDriver allows to run automated end-to-end tests that ensure your site works correctly when viewed from the Android browser. Android WebDriver supports all core WebDriver APIs, and in addition to that it supports mobile spacific and HTML5 APIs. Android WebDriver models many user interactions such as finger taps, flicks, finger scrolls and long presses. It can rotate the display and interact with HTML5 features such as local storage, session storage and application cache.

The current apk will only work with Gingerbread (2.3.x), Honeycomb (3.x), Ice Cream Sandwich (4.0.x) and later.

• Note that there is an emulator bug on Gingerbread that might cause WebDriver to crash.

Install the Android SDK:

Download the Android SDK, and unpack it to ~/android_sdk/. NOTE: The location of the Android SDK must exist in ../android_sdk, relative to the directory containing the Selenium repository.

Android WebDriver test can run on emulators or real devices for phone and tablets.

Setup Emulator

To create an emulator, you can use the graphical interface provided by the Android SDK, or the command line. Below are instructions for using the command line.

First, let's create an Android Virtual Device (AVD):

$cd ~/android_sdk/tools/
$./android create avd -n my_android -t 12 -c 100M

-n: specifies the name of the AVD.
-t: specifies the platform target. For an exhaustive list of targets, run:

./android list targets

Make sure the target level you selected corresponds to a supported SDK platform.
-c: specifies the SD card storage space.
When prompted "Do you wish to create a custom hardware profile [no]" enter "no".

Now, start the emulator. This can take a while, but take a look at the FAQ below for tips on how to improve performance of the emulator.

$./emulator -avd my_android &

Setup the Device

Simply connect your Android device through USB to your machine.

Using the Remote Server

This approach has a client and a server component. The client consists of your typical Junit tests that you can run from your favorite IDE or through the command line. The server is an Android application that contains an HTTP server. When you run the tests, each WebDriver command will make a RESTful HTTP request to the server using JSON according to a well defined protocol. The remote server will delegate the request to Android WebDriver, and will then return a response.

Install the WebDriver APK

Every device or emulator has a serial ID. Run this command to get the serial ID of the device or emulator you want to use:

$~/android_sdk/platform-tools/adb devices

Download the Android server from http://code.google.com/p/selenium/downloads/list. To install the application do:

$./adb -s <serialId> -e install -r  android-server.apk

Make sure you are allowing installation of application not coming from Android Market. Go to Settings -> Applications, and check "Unknown Sources".
Start the Android WebDriver application through the UI of the device or by running this command:

$./adb -s <serialId> shell am start -a android.intent.action.MAIN -n org.openqa.selenium.android.app/.MainActivity

Now we need to setup the port forwarding in order to forward traffic from the host machine to the emulator. In a terminal type:

$./adb -s <serialId> forward tcp:8080 tcp:8080

This will make the android server available at http://localhost:8080/wd/hub from the host machine. You're now ready to run the tests. Let's take a look at some code.

Run the Tests

import junit.framework.TestCase;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.android.AndroidDriver;
public class OneTest extends TestCase {
  public void testGoogle() throws Exception {
    WebDriver driver = new AndroidDriver();
   
    // And now use this to visit Google
    driver.get("http://www.google.com");
   
    // Find the text input element by its name
    WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.name("q"));
   
    // Enter something to search for
    element.sendKeys("Cheese!");
   
    // Now submit the form. WebDriver will find the form for us from the element
    element.submit();
   
    // Check the title of the page
    System.out.println("Page title is: " + driver.getTitle());
    driver.quit();
  }
}

To compile and run this example you will need the selenium-java-X.zip (client side piece of selenium). Download the selenium-java-X.zip from our download page, unzip and include all jars in your IDE project. For Eclipse, right click on project -> Build Path -> Configure Build Path -> Libraries -> Add External Jars

Hope this will be useful for steup and test your application under Android.

Writing simple Data Driven Framework scripts using TestNG

Purpose: Writing simple Selenium Scripts by implementing Data Driven Framework using TestNG

Data Driven Framework scripts means executing a set of steps with multiple sets of data. Selenium is not have any default way of implementing but by using TestNG support we can implement it successfully.

Step 1: JXL API Jar - We can download it form the following URL
http://sourceforge.net/projects/jxls/files/ and download latest version

Step 2: Prepare Data Source - Open an excel and prepare data source as shown below

In this example we are discussing reading inputs from an excel sheet and writing the results in reports sheet.

Step 3: Following example will demonstrate how to access from an excel sheet and how to write the results into an excel sheet.

package com.google.excel;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import jxl.Sheet;
import jxl.Workbook;
import jxl.read.biff.BiffException;
import jxl.write.Label;
import jxl.write.WritableSheet;
import jxl.write.WritableWorkbook;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
public class GMail{
 private WebDriver driver;
 private String baseURL;
 private FileInputStream fi;
 private Sheet s;
 private Workbook wb;

 @BeforeClass
 public void setup() throws BiffException, IOException
 {
  driver = new FirefoxDriver();
  baseURL = "http://www.gmail.com";
  fi = new FileInputStream("TestDate\\Book1.xls");
  wb = Workbook.getWorkbook(fi);
  s = wb.getSheet(0);
 }

 @AfterClass
 public void teardown()
 {
  driver.quit();
 }
 @Test
 public void testGmail() throws InterruptedException
 {
  for(int row=0; row <s.getRows();row++)
  {
    String username = s.getCell(0, row).getContents();
    System.out.println("Username "+username);
    driver.get(baseURL);
    driver.findElement(By.name("Email")).sendKeys(username);
    String password= s.getCell(1, row).getContents();
    System.out.println("Password "+password);
    driver.findElement(By.name("Passwd")).sendKeys(password);
    Thread.sleep(10000);
    Thread.sleep(30000);
    writeExcel(0, 0, "Passes");
  }
 }

public void writeExcel(int a, int b, String text) {
    try {
        File excelFile = new File("TestDate\\Results.xls");
        WritableWorkbook book;
        WritableSheet sheet;
        Workbook existingBook = null;
        if (!excelFile.exists()) {
            book = Workbook.createWorkbook(excelFile);
            sheet = book.createSheet("TESTRESULTS", 0);
        } else {
            existingBook = Workbook.getWorkbook(excelFile);
            book = Workbook.createWorkbook(excelFile, existingBook);
            sheet = book.getSheet("TESTRESULTS");
        }
        Label i = new Label(a, b, text);
        sheet.addCell(i);
        book.write();
        book.close();
        if (existingBook != null)
            existingBook.close();
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}
}



















 

Setting up Eclipse Environment for Selenium

Purpose: Setting up Eclipse IDE environment to Run Selenium Script

Following are the steps to setup successful Selenium environment for Eclipse IDE

In order to Setup, we need Java, Eclipse IDE, Selenium Webdriver, TestNG.

Step 1: Download Java and install if not installed. Visit the following URL and download JDK
URL: http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html

Step 2: Download Eclipse IED and it not require ant install. Extract and open. Visit for following URL and download Eclipse

URL: http://www.eclipse.org/downloads/ download Eclipse IDE for Java EE Developers 32bit version

Step 3: Download Selenium Webdriver and build the path. Visit the following URL and download required Selenium Softwares

URL: http://selenium.googlecode.com/files/selenium-server-standalone-2.31.0.jar

Step 4: Install TestNG for Eclipse

Select Help /  Install New Software /
Click on Add
Enter Any relevent Name for Name Field
Enter URL for Eclipse 3.4 and above, enter http://beust.com/eclipse/
For Eclipse 3.3 and below, enter http://beust.com/eclipse1/
Select TestNG Software, Click Next and Install

Step 5: Create New Java Project and Create New TestNG file
Step 6: Right Click on Project > Build Path > Configure Build Path > Click Libraries > Click Add External Jars. Select the location of Selenium Webdriver and add the Selenuium .Jar file to Eclipse IDE Environment.

Step 6: Write the script and execute. Hope it will lanch application successfully.

How to Run Webdriver Script under Internet Explorer and Google Chrome

Purpose: How to Run Webdriver Script for Internet Explorer and Google Chrome

Running Webdriver script for Internet Explorer & Chrome is not as same as working with Firefox browser. Following are the steps to Run:

Step 1: In order to run, we need to download IE Driver & Chrome Driver and we can download from https://code.google.com/p/selenium/downloads/detail?name=IEDriverServer_Win32_2.31.0.zip
https://code.google.com/p/chromedriver/downloads/list

Step 2: Include the respective drivers in to the Path

Step 3: Set the System property using the following Command which takes two parameters Driver and location of the driver.

System.setProperty("webdriver.ie.driver", "Drivers\\IEDriverServer.exe");

Step 4: Now create an Driver Object for IE using the following command

driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();

Once we start running the script Internet Explorer will open and execute script.

Following is the sample code for IE and kept commented code for Google Chrome

import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
public class DriversExample{
private static InternetExplorerDriver driver;
//private static ChromeDriver driver;
@BeforeClass
 public void beforeClass()
 {
  System.setProperty("webdriver.ie.driver", "Drivers\\IEDriverServer.exe");
  driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();
//  System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "Drivers\\chromedriver.exe");
//  driver = new ChromeDriver();
  }
@Test
 public void testDrivers() throws Exception
 {
  driver.get("http://www.google.com");
  Thread.sleep(3000);
 }
@AfterClass
 public void afterClass()
 {
  driver.close();
 }
}

Capturing all Links on a Web Page and visiting those links using Web Driver

Purpose: Capturing all Links on a Web Page and visiting those links

In general while testing any application we are facing a situation where we need to visit each link available on the Web Page. The Following script help floks how to handle it.

In the following example, I am going to visit 'www.google.com', captures all the links available on the page, visiting each link and coming back to home page.

importjava.util.List;

importorg.openqa.selenium.By;

importorg.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

importorg.openqa.selenium.WebElement;

importorg.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

public class Links {

private static String homeWindow = null;

private static String[] links = null;

private static int linksCount = 0;

public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {

WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();

driver.get("http://www.google.com/");

// Fllowing instruction extract all links from the webpage using selenium webdriver

List<WebElement> all_links_webpage = driver.findElements(By.tagName("a"));

// Print total no of links on the webpage

System.out.println("Print total no of links on the webpage----------------------------------------------------");

linksCount = all_links_webpage.size();
System.out.println(linksCount);

links= new String[linksCount];// Following instruction stores each link and Prints on console

System.out.println("Print Links-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------");

for(int i=0;i<linksCount;i++)

{

links[i] = all_links_webpage.get(i).getAttribute("href");

System.out.println(all_links_webpage.get(i).getAttribute("href"));

}

// Following instruction Return an opaque handle to this window that uniquely identifies it within this driver instance.

// This can be used to switch to this window at a later date

homeWindow = driver.getWindowHandle().toString();

// Visiting Each Link in on the Page

System.

out.println("Visiting Each Links------------------------------------------------------------------------");

for(int i=0;i<linksCount;i++)

{

driver.navigate().to(

links[i]);

Thread.sleep(3000);

driver.switchTo().window(

homeWindow);

}

driver.quit();

}

}

Unsupported Major/Minor Version issue while executing Selenium Scripts / Java Programs using Eclipse IDE

Purpose: When ever we are executing Selenium Scripts / Java Program which is developed / written in some othere version than our version we will get the error "Java.lang.UnsupportedClassVersionError: .............................Unsupported major.minor version"

If you are executing the program using Console / Command Prompt, using additional parameter -source <version number>

For example, if your file name is VersionError.java and executing through Command Prompt use the following command to execute successfully:

javac -source 1.4 VersionError.java

The program will compile successfully.

If you are executing the code using Eclipse IDE follow the steps mentioned below:

Step 1: Click on 'Project' menu option and select 'Properties' submenu.

Step 2: Click on Project Facts from RNP and Select Java in RNP

Step 3: Select required version of Java and click on OK.

Now Run the application and the issue will be resolved.

Switching between Windows using Selenium Webdriver

Purpose: Switching between Windows using Selenium Webdriver

We come across to handle switching b/w windows while accessing different webpages. Inroder to automate switching b/w windows, following steps will help you to write Selenium Webdriver Script with the help of Java

It is not as easy as handling with Selenium Rc. We can achive with the help of getWindowHandle() and switchTo().window() methods.

Following is the Selenium Webdriver with Java script to handle popup windows:


package com.webdriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
public class SwitchWindow {

 public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
 {
  FirefoxDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
  driver.get("http://www.quackit.com/html/codes/");
  // Return an opaque handle to this window that uniquely identifies it within this driver instance. This can be used to switch to this window at a later date
  String parentWindow = driver.getWindowHandle().toString();
  driver.findElement(By.linkText("Pop up windows")).click();
  Thread.sleep(3000);
  assert(driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("BODY")).getText().matches("^[\\s\\S]*Example HTML Popup Window Code:[\\s\\S]*$"));
    driver.findElement(By.linkText("Open a popup window")).click();
    // to switch control to the new popup window by name
    driver.switchTo().window("popUpWindow");
    assert(driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("BODY")).getText().matches("^[\\s\\S]*Copy/Paste HTML Codes[\\s\\S]*$"));
    // closing the popup window
  driver.close();
  // to switch control from popup window to another window, here parent window
  driver.switchTo().window(parentWindow);
  assert(driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("BODY")).getText().matches("^[\\s\\S]*Example HTML Popup Window Code:[\\s\\S]*$"));
  driver.close();
 }
}

// Code for TestNG

package com.webdriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;
public class SwitchWindow {
 FirefoxDriver driver;
  @Test
  public void testSwitchWindow() {
   driver.get("http://www.quackit.com/html/codes/");
   // Return an opaque handle to this window that uniquely identifies it within this driver instance. This can be used to switch to this window at a later date
   String parentWindow = driver.getWindowHandle();
   assert(driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("BODY")).getText().matches("^[\\s\\S]*HTML Codes - Free[\\s\\S]*$"));
   assert(driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("BODY")).getText().matches("^[\\s\\S]*Pop up windows[\\s\\S]*$"));
   driver.findElement(By.linkText("Pop up windows")).click();
   assert(driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("BODY")).getText().matches("^[\\s\\S]*Open a popup window[\\s\\S]*$"));
   driver.findElement(By.linkText("Open a popup window")).click();
   // to switch control to the new popup window by name
   driver.switchTo().window("popUpWindow");
   assert(driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("BODY")).getText().matches("^[\\s\\S]*Copy/Paste HTML Codes[\\s\\S]*$"));
   // closing the popup window
   driver.close();
   // to switch control from popup window to another window, here parent window
   driver.switchTo().window(parentWindow);
   assert(driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("BODY")).getText().matches("^[\\s\\S]*Open a popup window[\\s\\S]*$"));
  }
  @BeforeClass
  public void beforeClass() {
   driver = new FirefoxDriver();
   driver.manage().window().maximize();
  }
  @AfterClass
  public void afterClass() {
   driver.close();
  }
}